Galli argues that palaeoseismology and archaeoseismology allow us to extend data on the seismic record back in time so that we can acquire a better assessment of seismic risk for the Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA). Measurement of the length and dislocation of faults on the ground’s surface can be used to calculate the quantity of elastic energy liberated, and thus extrapolate the quake’s magnitude, while sampling of organic material from levels below and above the faulting can yield an approximation of date.
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