This paper deals with the pressing question of how to understand the current relationship between the sciences and common sense. It is necessary to relate the idea of common sense and that of science to more numerous dimensions than that of the couple, in itself already quite complex, of theory and fact. This is one of the tasks of contemporary epistemology. – False theories and common sense; – Models and common sense; – The engineering sciences; – Modelling. – [Translated by Steven Corcoran].